Light (Optics)

2.1 Refraction of light through a glass slab and prism

Refraction is the bending of a light ray when it passes obliquely from one transparent medium to another, because the speed of light changes.

Try it on the Snell’s law simulation.

2.2 Lenses and ray diagrams

Convex lenses converge light rays and form real or virtual images depending on the position of the object. Concave lenses always produce virtual, upright and diminished images.